APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 FAX (520) 888-3329 ORDERS (520) 690-8601 EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
1
TYPICAL APPLICATION
FIGURE 1. VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENT CONVERSION
DC and low distortion AC current waveforms are delivered
to a grounded load by using matched resistors (A and B
sections) and taking advantage of the high common mode
rejection of the PA10.
Foldover current limit is used to modify current limits based
on output voltage. When load resistance drops to 0, the current
is limited based on output voltage. When load resistance drops
to 0, the current limit is 0.79A resulting in an internal dissipa-
tion of 33.3 W. When output voltage increases to 36V, the
current limit is 1.69A. Refer to Application Note 9 on foldover
limiting for details.
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
FEATURES
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT -- 4MHz
TEMPERATURE RANGE -- 55 to +125C (PA10A)
EXCELLENT LINEARITY -- Class A/B Output
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE -- 10V to 50V
HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT -- 5A Peak
APPLICATIONS
MOTOR, VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL
MAGNETIC DEFLECTION CIRCUITS UP TO 4A
POWER TRANSDUCERS UP TO 100kHz
TEMPERATURE CONTROL UP TO 180W
PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 90V
AUDIO AMPLIFIERS UP TO 60W RMS
DESCRIPTION
The PA10 and PA10A are high voltage, high output current
operational amplifiers designed to drive resistive, inductive
and capacitive loads. For optimum linearity, the output stage
is biased for class A/B operation. The safe operating area
(SOA) can be observed for all operating conditions by selec-
tion of user programmable current limiting resistors. Both
amplifiers are internally compensated for all gain settings. For
continuous operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating
is recommended.
This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet)
resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to
maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance.
Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable inter-
connections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3
package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The
use of compressible isolation washers voids the warranty.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
8-PIN TO-3
PACKAGE STYLE CE
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V
S
to V
S
100V
OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA
5A
POWER DISSIPATION, internal
67W
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential
V
S
3V
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode
V
S
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s
300C
TEMPERATURE, junction
1
200C
TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage
65 to +150C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case 55 to +125C
PA10
PA10A
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
2, 5
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
INPUT
OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial
T
C
= 25C
2
6
1
4
mV
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature
Full temperature range
10
65
*
40
V/C
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply
T
C
= 25C
30
200
*
*
V/V
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power
T
C
= 25C
20
*
VW
BIAS CURRENT, initial
T
C
= 25C
12
30
10
20
nA
BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature
Full temperature range
50
500
*
*
pA/C
BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply
T
C
= 25C
.10
*
pA/V
OFFSET CURRENT, initial
T
C
= 25C
12
30
5
10
nA
OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature
Full temperature range
50
*
pA/C
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC
T
C
= 25C
200
*
M
INPUT CAPACITANCE
T
C
= 25C
3
*
pF
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE
3
Full temperature range
V
S
5
V
S
3
*
*
V
COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC
3
Full temp. range, V
CM
= V
S
6V
74
100
*
*
dB
GAIN
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz
T
C
= 25C, 1K load
110
*
dB
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz
Full temp. range, 15 load
96
108
*
*
dB
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz T
C
= 25C, 15 load
4
*
MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH
T
C
= 25C, 15 load
10
15
*
*
kHz
PHASE MARGIN
Full temp. range, 15 load
35
*
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE SWING
3
T
C
= 25C, I
O
= 5A
V
S
8
V
S
5
V
S
6
*
V
VOLTAGE SWING
3
Full temp. range, I
O
= 2A
V
S
6
*
V
VOLTAGE SWING
3
Full temp. range, I
O
= 80mA
V
S
5
*
V
CURRENT, peak
T
C
= 25C
5
*
A
SETTLING TIME to .1%
T
C
= 25C, 2V step
2
*
s
SLEW RATE
T
C
= 25C
2
3
*
*
V/s
CAPACITIVE LOAD
Full temperature range, A
V
= 1
.68
*
nF
CAPACITIVE LOAD
Full temperature range, A
V
= 2.5
10
*
nF
CAPACITIVE LOAD
Full temperature range, A
V
> 10
SOA
*
nF
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
Full temperature range
10
40
45
*
*
50
V
CURRENT, quiescent
T
C
= 25C
8
15
30
*
*
*
mA
THERMAL
RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case
4
T
C
= 55 to +125C, F > 60Hz
1.9
2.1
*
*
C/W
RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case
T
C
= 55 to +125C
2.4
2.6
*
*
C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air
T
C
= 55 to +125C
30
*
C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
Meets full range specifications
25
+85
55
+125
C
PA10 PA10A
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or
subject to temperatures in excess of 850C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
CAUTION
NOTES: *
The specification of PA10A is identical to the specification for PA10 in applicable column to the left.
1.
Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation
to achieve high MTTF.
2.
The power supply voltage for all tests is 40, unless otherwise noted as a test condition.
3.
+V
S
and V
S
denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total V
S
is measured from +V
S
to V
S
.
4.
Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.
5.
Full temperature range specifications are guaranteed but not tested.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 FAX (520) 888-3329 ORDERS (520) 690-8601 EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
3
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
PA10 PA10A
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
4
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
PA10 PA10A
GENERAL
Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Con-
siderations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking,
mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification
interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools
that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability,
internal power dissipation, current limit; heat sink selection;
Apex's complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar
Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct
limitations:
1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry
and the wire bonds.
2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the
simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage
exceeds specified limits.
3. The junction temperature of the output transistors.
The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a
given application, the direction and magnitude of the output
current should be calculated or measured and checked against
the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more
complex for reactive and EMF generating loads.
1. For DC outputs, especially those resulting from fault condi-
tions, check worst case stress levels against the new SOA
graph.
For sine wave outputs, use Power Design
1
to plot a load
line. Make sure the load line does not cross the 0.5ms limit
and that excursions beyond any other second breakdown
line do not exceed the time label, and have a duty cycle of
no more than 10%.
1
Note 1. Power Design is a self-extracting Excel spread-
sheet available free from www.apexmicrotech.com
For other waveform outputs, manual load line plotting
is recommended. Applications Note 22, SOA AND LOAD
LINES, will be helpful. A Spice type analysis can be very
useful in that a hardware setup often calls for instruments
or amplifiers with wide common mode rejection ranges.
2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive
load and short circuits to the supply rail or shorts to com-
mon if the current limits are set as follows at T
C
= 85C:
SHORT TO V
S
SHORT TO
V
S
C, L, OR EMF LOAD
COMMON
50V
.21A
.61A
40V
.3A
.87A
35V
.36A
1.0A
30V
.46A
1.4A
25V
.61A
1.7A
20V
.87A
2.2A
15V
1.4A
2.9A
CURRENT LIMITING
Refer to Application Note 9, "Current Limiting", for details of
both fixed and foldover current limit operation. Visit the Apex
web site at www.apexmicrotech.com for a copy of the Power
Design spreadsheet (Excel) which plots current limits vs. steady
state SOA. Beware that current limit should be thought of as a
+/20% function initially and varies about 2:1 over the range
of 55C to 125C.
For fixed current limit, leave pin 7 open and use equations
1 and 2.
R
CL
= 0.65/L
CL
(1)
I
CL
= 0.65/R
CL
(2)
Where:
I
CL
is the current limit in amperes.
R
CL
is the current limit resistor in ohms.
For certain applications, foldover current limit adds a slope
to the current limit which allows more power to be delivered
to the load without violating the SOA. For maximum foldover
slope, ground pin 7 and use equations 3 and 4.
0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)
I
CL
=
(3)
R
CL
0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)
R
CL
=
(4)
I
CL
Where:
Vo is the output voltage in volts.
Most designers start with either equation 1 to set R
CL
for the
desired current at 0v out, or with equation 4 to set R
CL
at the
maximum output voltage. Equation 3 should then be used to
plot the resulting foldover limits on the SOA graph. If equa-
tion 3 results in a negative current limit, foldover slope must
be reduced. This can happen when the output voltage is the
opposite polarity of the supply conducting the current.
In applications where a reduced foldover slope is desired,
this can be achieved by adding a resistor (R
FO
) between pin
7 and ground. Use equations 4 and 5 with this new resistor
in the circuit.
0.65 + Vo * 0.14
10.14 + R
FO
I
CL
=
(5)
R
CL
0.65 + Vo * 0.14
10.14 + R
FO
R
CL
=
(6)
I
CL
Where:
R
FO
is in K ohms.
This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.
PA10U REV O OCTOBER 2004 2004 Apex Microtechnology Corp.
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