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For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769.
General Description
The MAX4194 is a variable-gain precision instrumenta-
tion amplifier that combines Rail-to-Rail
single-supply
operation, outstanding precision specifications, and a
high gain bandwidth. This amplifier is also offered in
three fixed-gain versions: the MAX4195 (G = +1V/V),
the MAX4196 (G = +10V/V), and the MAX4197 (G =
+100V/V). The fixed-gain instrumentation amplifiers fea-
ture a shutdown function that reduces the quiescent
current to 8A. A traditional three operational amplifier
configuration is used to achieve maximum DC preci-
sion.
The MAX4194MAX4197 have rail-to-rail outputs and
inputs that can swing to within 200mV of the negative rail
and to within 1.1V of the positive rail. All parts draw only
93A and operate from a single +2.7V to +7.5V supply
or from dual 1.35V to 3.75V supplies. These amplifiers
are offered in 8-pin SO packages and are specified for
the extended temperature range (-40C to +85C).
See the MAX4198/MAX4199 data sheet for single-sup-
ply, precision differential amplifiers.
Applications
Medical Equipment
Thermocouple Amplifier
420mA Loop Transmitters
Data-Acquisition Systems
Battery-Powered/Portable Equipment
Transducer Interface
Bridge Amplifier
Features
o
+2.7V Single-Supply Operation
o
Low Power Consumption
93A Supply Current
8A Shutdown Current (MAX4195/96/97)
o
High Common-Mode Rejection: 115dB (G = +10V/V)
o
Low 50V Input Offset Voltage (G
+100V/V)
o
Low 0.01% Gain Error (G = +1V/V)
o
250kHz -3dB Bandwidth (G = +1V/V, MAX4194)
o
Rail-to-Rail Outputs
MAX4194MAX4197
Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail,
Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
OUT
REF
V
EE
1
2
8
7
RG+
V
CC
IN-
IN+
RG-
SO
TOP VIEW
3
4
6
5
MAX4194
OUT
FB
V
EE
1
2
8
7
SHDN
V
CC
IN-
IN+
REF
SO
3
4
6
5
MAX4195
MAX4196
MAX4197
19-1468; Rev 0; 4/99
PART
MAX4194
ESA
MAX4195
ESA
MAX4196
ESA
-40C to +85C
-40C to +85C
-40C to +85C
TEMP. RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
8 SO
8 SO
8 SO
Pin Configurations
Ordering Information
MAX4197
ESA
-40C to +85C
8 SO
PART
MAX4194
MAX4195
MAX4196
Yes
Yes
No
SHUTDOWN
GAIN (V/V)
Variable
+1
+10
MAX4197
Yes
+100
Selector Guide
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
CMRR (dB)
95 (G = +1V/V)
95
115
115
MAX4194MAX4197
Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail,
Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
CC
= +5V, V
EE
= 0, R
L
= 25k
tied to V
CC
/2, V
REF
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
T
A
= +25C.)
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Supply Voltage (V
CC
to V
EE
)..................................................+8V
All Other Pins .................................. (V
CC
+ 0.3V) to (V
EE
- 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin..........................................................30mA
Output Short-Circuit Duration (to V
CC
or V
EE
)........... Continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70C)
SO (derate 5.9mW/C above +70C) ........................... 471mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) ............................ +300C
I
SHDN
= V
IL
, MAX4195/96/97 only
A
Inferred by PSR
test
V
CM
= V
EE
+ 0.2V
to V
CC
- 1.1V,
f = 120Hz
V
CM
= V
EE
+ 0.2V
to V
CC
- 1.1V,
T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
,
R
S
= 1k
115
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
Differential
90
115
V
CM
= V
EE
+ 0.2V
to V
CC
- 1.1V,
T
A
= +25C,
R
S
= 1k
G = +1V/V
Common mode
V
IN
+ = V
IN
- = V
CC
/2, V
DIFF
= 0
G = +1V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= +25C
Inferred from CMR test
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
CONDITIONS
106
101
dB
85
CMR
AC
AC Common-Mode Rejection
88
115
115
G = +1V/V
73
95
G = +10V/V
95
115
G = +100V/V
G = +1V/V
G = +10V/V
93
115
G = +100V/V
G = +1000V/V
dB
78
95
CMR
DC
DC Common-Mode Rejection
V
V
EE
+ 0.2 V
CC
- 1.1
V
IN
Input Voltage Range
Differential
1000
Common mode
4
8
12
I
SHDN
Shutdown Current
V
1.35
3.75
pF
2.7
7.5
V
CC
Supply Voltage Range
1
M
1000
R
IN
Input Resistance
C
IN
Input Capacitance
G = +1V/V
G = +10V/V
V/C
1.0
4.0
TC
VOS
Input Offset Voltage Drift
(Note 1)
A
93
110
I
CC
Quiescent Current
G = +100V/V
100 450
G = +1000V/V
UNITS
MIN
TYP
MAX
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
Single supply
Dual supplies
G
+10V/V
0.5
2.0
G = +10V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= +25C
75 225
G = +1000V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= +25C
50
G = +100V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= +25C
50 225
G = +10V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
75 345
G = +1V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
G = +1000V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to
V
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage
50
G = +100V/V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to
50 345
100 690
MAX4194MAX4197
Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail,
Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
CC
= +5V, V
EE
= 0, R
L
= 25k
tied to V
CC
/2, V
REF
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
T
A
= +25C.)
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
+2.7V
V
CC
+7.5V; V
CM
= +1.5V;
V
OUT
= +1.5V; V
REF
= +1.5V; R
L
= 25k
to
+1.5V; G = +1V/V, +10V/V, +100V/V
R
L
= 25k
to V
CC
/2
MAX4194 only
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
f = 10kHz
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
f = 10Hz
R
L
= 5k
to V
CC
/2
f = 100Hz
CONDITIONS
0.01
0.1
1+ (50k
/R
G
)
Gain Equation
mA
4.5
I
SC
Short-Circuit Current (Note 2)
mV
100
200
V
OH
, V
OL
Output Voltage Swing
100
200
nA
1.0
3.0
I
OS
Input Offset Current
pA/C
15
TC
IB
dB
90
120
PSR
Power-Supply Rejection
Input Bias Current Drift
30
100
30
100
pA
RMS
16
i
n
Input Noise Current
pA
Hz
0.1
pA/C
15
TC
IOS
Input Offset Current Drift
85
2.4
0.76
UNITS
MIN
TYP
MAX
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
f = 10Hz
75
f = 100Hz
nV
Hz
72
f = 10KHz
G = +1V/V
V
RMS
1.4
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
35
f = 10Hz
32
f = 100Hz
nV
Hz
31
f = 10KHz
G = +10V/V
V
RMS
0.7
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
32
f = 10Hz
31
f = 100Hz
nV
Hz
8.7
f = 10KHz
G = +100V/V
V
RMS
0.6
e
n
Input Noise Voltage
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
V
CC
- V
OH
V
OL
V
CC
- V
OH
V
OL
G = +1V/V
G = +10V/V
0.03
0.3
T
A
= +25C,
V
CM
= V
CC
/2,
R
L
= 25k
,
V
EE
+ 0.1V
V
OUT
V
CC
- 0.1V
G = +1000V/V, MAX4194
0.5
G = +100V/V
0.05
0.5
G = +10V/V
0.03
0.3
T
A
= +25C,
V
CM
= V
CC
/2,
R
L
= 5k
,
V
EE
+ 0.2V
V
OUT
V
CC
- 0.2V
G = +1000V/V, MAX4194
G = +1V/V
%
0.5
Gain Error
G = +100V/V
0.05
0.5
0.01
0.1
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
nA
6
20
I
B
Input Bias Current
MAX4194MAX4197
Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail,
Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Note 1:
Guaranteed by design.
Note 2:
Maximum output current (sinking/sourcing) in which the gain changes by less than 0.1%.
Note 3:
This specification represents the typical temperature coefficient of an on-chip thin film resistor. In practice, the temperature
coefficient of the gain for the MAX4194 will be dominated by the temperature coefficient of the external gain-setting resistor.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
CC
= +5V, V
EE
= 0, R
L
= 25k
tied to V
CC
/2, V
REF
= V
CC
/2, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
T
A
= +25C.)
V
SHDN
= V
CC
- 2.5V to V
CC
- 1.5V, G = +100V/V,
0.1%, V
OUT
= +3.5V
G = +1V/V, 0.1%, V
OUT
= +3.5V
MAX4196/MAX4197
G = +1V/V, 0.1%,
V
OUT
= +3.5V
MAX4194/MAX4195, G = +1V/V
G = +1V/V, 0.1%,
V
OUT
= +3V
V
EE
< V
SHDN
< V
CC
V
OUT
= 2Vp-p, G = +1V/V, f = 1kHz
V
OUT
= 2Vp-p, G = +1V/V
MAX4194
V
EE
+ 0.1V
V
OUT
V
CC
- 0.1V, V
CM
= V
CC
/2,
G = +1V/V, +10V/V, +100V/V, +1000V/V
0.1%, V
OUT
= 2Vp-p
CONDITIONS
ms
0.5
t
ON/OFF
On/Off Settling Time
ms
1
Power-Up Delay
ms
0.5
t
ENABLE
Enable Time From Shutdown
ms
0.5
t
SHDN
Time to Shutdown
A
0.1
SHDN Input Current
V
V
CC
- 2.5
V
IL
Input Logic Voltage Low
V
V
CC
- 1.5
V
IH
Input Logic Voltage High
%
0.001
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion
ms
7
t
S
Settling Time
5
ppm/C
16
ppm/C
1
15
1
8
Gain Temperature Coefficient
(Note 1)
0.04
0.05
V/s
0.06
SR
Slew Rate
250
TC50k
50k
Resistance Temperature
Coefficient (Note 3)
%
0.001
Nonlinearity
pF
300
C
L
Capacitive Load Stability
UNITS
MIN
TYP
MAX
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MAX4194
G = +1V/V
MAX4195
220
MAX4194
G = +10V/V
MAX4196
17
34
MAX4194
1.5
G = +100V/V
MAX4197
G = +1000V/V
V
OUT
0.1Vp-p,
V
CM
= V
CC
/2
MAX4194
kHz
3.1
0.147
BW-
3dB
-3dB Bandwidth
G = +1V/V
G = +10V/V
G = +100V/V
G = +1000V/V
MAX4195/MAX4196/
MAX4197 only
MAX4195/MAX4196/
MAX4197 only
MAX4195/MAX4196/
MAX4197 only
MAX4194MAX4197
Micropower, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail,
Precision Instrumentation Amplifiers
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
MAX4194
SMALL-SIGNAL GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4194 toc01-1
FREQUENCY (Hz)
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
G = +100V/V
G = +10V/V
G = +1V/V
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
MAX4195/MAX4196/MAX4197
SMALL-SIGNAL GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4194 toc02-2
FREQUENCY (Hz)
G = +100V/V
G = +10V/V
G = +1V/V
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)
1
1k
100
10
0.1% SETTLING TIME vs. GAIN
(V
OUT
= 2Vp-p)
10k
10
1
1k
100
MAX4194 toc03
GAIN (V/V)
SETTLING TIME (
s)
INPUT
(500mV/div)
OUTPUT
(500mV/div)
MAX4194
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +1V/V)
MAX4194 toc04
20
s/div
INPUT
(50mV/div)
OUTPUT
(50mV/div)
MAX4194
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +1V/V)
MAX4194 toc07
20
s/div
INPUT
(5mV/div)
OUTPUT
(500mV/div)
MAX4194
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +100V/V)
MAX4194 toc05
200
s/div
INPUT
(5mV/div)
OUTPUT
(500mV/div)
MAX4197
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +100V/V)
MAX4194 toc06
200
s/div
INPUT
(500
V/div)
OUTPUT
(50mV/div)
MAX4194
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +100V/V)
MAX4194 toc08
200
s/div
INPUT
(500
V/div)
OUTPUT
(50mV/div)
MAX4197
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
(GAIN = +100V/V)
MAX4194 toc09
200
s/div
Typical Operating Characteristics
(V
CC
= +5V, V
EE
= 0, R
L
= 25k
tied to V
CC
/2, T
A
= +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
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