1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30234D-page 1
PIC16C6X
8-Bit CMOS Microcontrollers
Devices included in this data sheet:
PIC16C6X Microcontroller Core Features:
High performance RISC CPU
Only 35 single word instructions to learn
All single cycle instructions except for program
branches which are two-cycle
Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
Interrupt capability
Eight level deep hardware stack
Direct, indirect, and relative addressing modes
Power-on Reset (POR)
Power-up Timer (PWRT) and
Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
Programmable code-protection
Power saving SLEEP mode
Selectable oscillator options
PIC16C61
PIC16C64A
PIC16C62
PIC16CR64
PIC16C62A
PIC16C65
PIC16CR62
PIC16C65A
PIC16C63
PIC16CR65
PIC16CR63
PIC16C66
PIC16C64
PIC16C67
Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM/ROM
technology
Fully static design
Wide operating voltage range: 2.5V to 6.0V
Commercial, Industrial, and Extended
temperature ranges
Low-power consumption:
< 2 mA @ 5V, 4 MHz
15
A typical @ 3V, 32 kHz
< 1
A typical standby current
PIC16C6X Peripheral Features:
Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler
Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler,
can be incremented during sleep via
external crystal/clock
Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period
register, prescaler and postscaler
Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module(s)
Capture is 16-bit, max resolution is 12.5 ns,
Compare is 16-bit, max resolution is 200 ns,
PWM max resolution is 10-bit.
Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI
TM
and I
2
C
TM
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART/SCI)
Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8-bits wide, with
external RD, WR and CS controls
Brown-out detection circuitry for
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
PIC16C6X Features
61
62
62A
R62
63
R63
64
64A
R64
65
65A
R65
66
67
Program Memory
(EPROM) x 14
1K
2K
2K
--
4K
--
2K
2K
--
4K
4K
--
8K
8K
(ROM) x 14
--
--
--
2K
--
4K
--
--
2K
--
--
4K
--
--
Data Memory (Bytes) x 8
36
128
128
128
192
192
128
128
128
192
192
192
368
368
I/O Pins
13
22
22
22
22
22
33
33
33
33
33
33
22
33
Parallel Slave Port
--
--
--
--
--
--
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
--
Yes
Capture/Compare/PWM
Module(s)
--
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
Timer Modules
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Serial Communication
--
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/
I
2
C
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
In-Circuit Serial
Programming
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Brown-out Reset
--
--
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
--
Yes
Yes
--
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Interrupt Sources
3
7
7
7
10
10
8
8
8
11
11
11
10
11
Sink/Source Current (mA) 25/20 25/25 25/25 25/25 25/25
25/25 25/25 25/25 25/25 25/25
25/25
25/25
25/25
25/25
PIC16C6X
DS30234D-page 2
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
Pin Diagrams
PDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PIC16C61
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
PIC16C62
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
SDIP, SOIC, SSOP, Windowed CERDIP (300 mil)
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
MCLR/V
PP
V
SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RA1
RA0
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
V
DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
PIC16C63
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
SDIP, SOIC, Windowed CERDIP (300 mil)
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
PIC16C62A
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
SDIP, SOIC, SSOP, Windowed CERDIP (300 mil)
PIC16CR62
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
PIC16C65
PDIP, Windowed CERDIP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSO
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
PIC16C64
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SDA
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
MCLR/V
PP
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3/SCK/SCL
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
PIC16C64A
PIC16C65A
PIC16CR64
PIC16CR63
PIC16CR65
PIC16C66
PIC16C67
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30234D-page 3
PIC16C6X
Pin Diagrams (Cont.'d)
NC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
RC7/RX/DT
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
NC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
PIC16C65
MQFP,
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
NC
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
NC
RC6/TX/CK
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
PIC16C65
/CCP2
PLCC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
NC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
RC7
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
NC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
PIC16C64A
MQFP,
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
NC
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
NC
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
PIC16C64A
PLCC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
PIC16CR64
PIC16CR64
PIC16C65A
PIC16C65A
TQFP (PIC16C64A only)
TQFP (Not on PIC16C65)
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/SS
RE0/RD
RE1/WR
RE2/CS
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
NC
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
NC
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
NC
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSO
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
PIC16C64
PLCC
NC
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/CS
RE1/WR
RE0/RD
RA5/SS
RA4/T0CKI
RC7
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
RC6
RC5/SDO
RC4/SDI/SD
A
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3/SCK/SCL
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSO
NC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
MCLR
/V
PP
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
NC
NC
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
PIC16C64
MQFP
RC0/T1OSI/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
PIC16CR65
PIC16CR65
PIC16C67
PIC16C67
PIC16C6X
DS30234D-page 4
1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
Table Of Contents
1.0 General Description ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.0 PIC16C6X Device Varieties ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.0 Architectural Overview ................................................................................................................................................................... 9
4.0 Memory Organization................................................................................................................................................................... 19
5.0 I/O Ports ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
6.0 Overview of Timer Modules ......................................................................................................................................................... 63
7.0 Timer0 Module ............................................................................................................................................................................. 65
8.0 Timer1 Module ............................................................................................................................................................................. 71
9.0 Timer2 Module ............................................................................................................................................................................. 75
10.0 Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) Module(s)................................................................................................................................... 77
11.0 Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) Module ....................................................................................................................................... 83
12.0 Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) Module ....................................................................... 105
13.0 Special Features of the CPU ..................................................................................................................................................... 123
14.0 Instruction Set Summary............................................................................................................................................................ 143
15.0 Development Support ................................................................................................................................................................ 159
16.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C61 ..................................................................................................................................... 163
17.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C61.................................................................................................. 173
18.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C62/64 ................................................................................................................................ 183
19.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C62A/R62/64A/R64 ............................................................................................................ 199
20.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C65 ..................................................................................................................................... 215
21.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C63/65A ............................................................................................................................. 231
22.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16CR63/R65........................................................................................................................... 247
23.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C66/67 ................................................................................................................................ 263
24.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for:
PIC16C62, PIC16C62A, PIC16CR62, PIC16C63, PIC16C64, PIC16C64A, PIC16CR64,
PIC16C65A, PIC16C66, PIC16C67 ........................................................................................................................................... 281
25.0 Packaging Information ............................................................................................................................................................... 291
Appendix A:
Modifications .............................................................................................................................................................. 307
Appendix B:
Compatibility .............................................................................................................................................................. 307
Appendix C:
What's New................................................................................................................................................................ 308
Appendix D:
What's Changed ........................................................................................................................................................ 308
Appendix E:
PIC16/17 Microcontrollers ....................................................................................................................................... 309
Pin Compatibility ................................................................................................................................................................................ 315
Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 317
List of Equation and Examples........................................................................................................................................................... 326
List of Figures..................................................................................................................................................................................... 326
List of Tables...................................................................................................................................................................................... 330
Reader Response .............................................................................................................................................................................. 334
PIC16C6X Product Identification System........................................................................................................................................... 335
For register and module descriptions in this data sheet, device legends show which devices apply to those sections. For
example, the legend below shows that some features of only the PIC16C62A, PIC16CR62, PIC16C63, PIC16C64A,
PIC16CR64, and PIC16C65A are described in this section.
Applicable Devices
61 62 62A R62 63 R63 64 64A R64 65 65A R65 66 67
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent an exceptional
amount of time to ensure that these documents are correct. However, we realize that we may have missed a few
things. If you find any information that is missing or appears in error, please use the reader response form in the
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1997 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30234D-page 5
PIC16C6X
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16CXX is a family of
low-cost, high-perfor-
mance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit microcontrollers.
All PIC16/17 microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16CXX microcontroller fam-
ily has enhanced core features, eight-level deep stack,
and multiple internal and external interrupt sources.
The separate instruction and data buses of the Harvard
architecture allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with
separate 8-bit wide data. The two stage instruction
pipeline allows all instructions to execute in a single
cycle, except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set gives
some of the architectural innovations used to achieve a
very high performance.
PIC16CXX microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The
PIC16C61
device has 36 bytes of RAM and 13 I/O
pins. In addition a timer/counter is available.
The
PIC16C62/62A/R62
devices have 128 bytes of
RAM and 22 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral
features are available, including: three timer/counters,
one Capture/Compare/PWM module and one serial
port. The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured
as either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI
TM
) or
the two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus.
The
PIC16C63/R63
devices have 192 bytes of RAM,
while the
PIC16C66
has 368 bytes. All three devices
have 22 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral fea-
tures are available, including: three timer/counters, two
Capture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial ports.
The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as
either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the
two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Univer-
sal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
(USART) is also know as a Serial Communications
Interface or SCI.
The
PIC16C64/64A/R64
devices have 128 bytes of
RAM and 33 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral
features are available, including: three timer/counters,
one Capture/Compare/PWM module and one serial
port. The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured
as either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or
the two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. An 8-bit
Parallel Slave Port is also provided.
The
PIC16C65/65A/R65
devices have 192 bytes of
RAM, while the
PIC16C67
has 368 bytes. All four
devices have 33 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral
features are available, including: three timer/counters,
two Capture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial
ports. The Synchronous Serial Port can be configured
as either a 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or
the two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Uni-
versal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmit-
ter (USART) is also known as a Serial Communications
Interface or SCI. An 8-bit Parallel Slave Port is also pro-
vided.
The PIC16C6X device family has special features to
reduce external components, thus reducing cost,
enhancing system reliability and reducing power con-
sumption. There are four oscillator options, of which the
single pin RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution,
the LP oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is a
standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals.
The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers a power saving
mode. The user can wake the chip from SLEEP
through several external and internal interrupts, and
resets.
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software lock-
up.
A UV erasable CERDIP packaged version is ideal for
code development, while the cost-effective
One-Time-Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for
production in any volume.
The PIC16C6X family fits perfectly in applications rang-
ing from high-speed automotive and appliance control
to low-power remote sensors, keyboards and telecom
processors. The EPROM technology makes customi-
zation of application programs (transmitter codes,
motor speeds, receiver frequencies, etc.) extremely
fast and convenient. The small footprint packages
make this microcontroller series perfect for all applica-
tions with space limitations. Low-cost, low-power, high
performance, ease-of-use, and I/O flexibility make the
PIC16C6X very versatile even in areas where no micro-
controller use has been considered before (e.g. timer
functions, serial communication, capture and compare,
PWM functions, and co-processor applications).
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for PIC16C5X can be easily ported to
PIC16CXX family of devices (Appendix B).
1.2
Development Support
PIC16C6X devices are supported by the complete line
of Microchip Development tools.
Please refer to Section 15.0 for more details about
Microchip's development tools.
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