TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C APRIL 1988 REVISED JULY 1999
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
D
Complete PWM Power Control Circuitry
D
Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or
Source Current
D
Output Control Selects Single-Ended or
Push-Pull Operation
D
Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at
Either Output
D
Variable Dead Time Provides Control Over
Total Range
D
Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V
Reference Supply Trimmed to 1%
D
Circuit Architecture Allows Easy
Synchronization
D
Undervoltage Lockout for Low V
CC
Conditions
description
The TL594 incorporates all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation control circuit
on a single chip. Designed primarily for power-supply control, these devices offer the systems engineer the
flexibility to tailor the power-supply control circuitry to a specific application.
The TL594 contains two error amplifiers, an on-chip adjustable oscillator, a dead-time control (DTC)
comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-V regulator with a precision of 1%, an undervoltage lockout
control circuit, and output control circuitry.
The error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from 0.3 V to V
CC
2 V. The DTC comparator has
a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. The on-chip oscillator can be bypassed by terminating
RT to the reference output and providing a sawtooth input to CT, or it can be used to drive the common circuitry
in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies.
The uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. Each
device provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, with selection by means of the output-control
function. The architecture of these devices prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during
push-pull operation. The undervoltage lockout control circuit locks the outputs off until the internal circuitry is
operational.
The TL594C is characterized for operation from 0
C to 70
C. The TL594I is characterized for operation from
40
C to 85
C.
FUNCTION TABLE
INPUT
OUTPUT
CTRL
OUTPUT FUNCTION
VI = 0
Single-ended or parallel output
VI = Vref
Normal push-pull operation
Copyright
1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1IN+
1IN
FEEDBACK
DTC
CT
RT
GND
C1
2IN+
2IN
REF
OUTPUT CTRL
VCC
C2
E2
E1
D OR N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C APRIL 1988 REVISED JULY 1999
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
CHIP FORM
TA
SMALL OUTLINE
(D)
PLASTIC DIP
(N)
CHIP FORM
(Y)
0
C to 70
C
TL594CD
TL594CN
TL594Y
40
C to 85
C
TL594ID
TL594IN
TL594Y
The D package is available taped and reeled. Add "R" suffix to device type (e.g.,
TL594CDR). Chip forms are tested at 25
C.
functional block diagram
GND
REF
VCC
Regulator
Reference
C1
Flip-Flop
Pulse-Steering
C1
1D
FEEDBACK
DTC
CT
RT
Comparator
PWM
Error Amplifier 2
1
+
Error Amplifier 1
0.1 V
DTC
Comparator
Oscillator
OUTPUT CTRL
(see Function Table)
0.7 mA
E1
C2
E2
2
+
Undervoltage
Lockout
Control
IN+
IN
IN+
IN
6
5
1
2
16
15
3
14
7
12
10
11
9
8
13
4
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C APRIL 1988 REVISED JULY 1999
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
TL594X
UNIT
Supply voltage, VCC (see Note 1)
41
V
Amplifier input voltage
VCC+0.3
V
Collector output voltage
41
V
Collector output current
250
mA
Package thermal impedance
JA (see Notes 2 and 3)
D package
73
C
Package thermal impedance,
JA (see Notes 2 and 3)
N package
88
C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds
260
C
Storage temperature range, Tstg
65 to 150
C
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES:
1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the network ground terminal.
2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max),
JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable
ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) TA)/
JA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150
C can impact reliability.
3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51, except for through-hole packages, which use a trace
length of zero.
recommended operating conditions
MIN
MAX
UNIT
Supply voltage, VCC
7
40
V
Amplifier input voltage, VI
0.3
VCC2
V
Collector output voltage, VO
40
V
Collector output current (each transistor)
200
mA
Current into feedback terminal
0.3
mA
Timing capacitor, CT
0.47
10000
nF
Timing resistor, RT
1.8
500
k
Oscillator frequency, fosc
1
300
kHz
Operating free-air temperature TA
TL594C
0
70
C
O erating free-air tem erature, TA
TL594I
40
85
C
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C APRIL 1988 REVISED JULY 1999
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, V
CC
= 15 V,
(unless otherwise noted)
reference section
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Output voltage (REF)
IO = 1 mA,
TA = 25
C
4.95
5
5.05
V
Input regulation
VCC = 7 V to 40 V,
TA = 25
C
2
25
mV
Output regulation
IO = 1 to 10 mA,
TA = 25
C
14
35
mV
Output-voltage change with temperature
TA = MIN to MAX
2
10
mV/V
Short-circuit output current
Vref = 0
10
35
50
mA
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
Duration of the short circuit should not exceed one second.
amplifier section (see Figure 1)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Input offset voltage, error amplifier
FEEDBACK = 2.5 V
2
10
mV
Input offset current
FEEDBACK = 2.5 V
25
250
nA
Input bias current
FEEDBACK = 2.5 V
0.2
1
A
Common-mode input voltage range,
error amplifier
VCC = 7 V to 40 V
0.3
to
VCC2
V
Open-loop voltage amplification, error
amplifier
VO = 3 V,
RL = 2 k
,
VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V
70
95
dB
Unity-gain bandwidth
VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V,
RL = 2 k
800
kHz
Common-mode rejection ratio, error
amplifier
VCC = 40 V,
TA = 25
C
65
80
dB
Output sink current, FEEDBACK
VID = 15 mV to 5 V,
FEEDBACK = 0.5 V
0.3
0.7
mA
Output source current, FEEDBACK
VID = 15 mV to 5 V,
FEEDBACK = 3.5 V
2
mA
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
oscillator section, C
T
= 0.01
F, R
T
= 12 k
(see Figure 2)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Frequency
10
kHz
Standard deviation of frequency
All values of VCC, CT, RT, and TA constant
100
Hz/kHz
Frequency change with voltage
VCC = 7 V to 40 V,
TA = 25
C
1
Hz/kHz
Frequency change with temperature#
TA = MIN to MAX
50
Hz/kHz
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula:
s +
N
n
+
1
(xn
*
X)2
N
*
1
# Temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor not taken into account.
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C APRIL 1988 REVISED JULY 1999
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, V
CC
= 15 V,
(unless otherwise noted)
dead-time control section (see Figure 2)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Input bias current
VI = 0 to 5.25 V
2
10
A
Maximum duty cycle, each output
DTC = 0 V
0.45
Input threshold voltage
Zero duty cycle
3
3.3
V
Input threshold voltage
Maximum duty cycle
0
V
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
output section
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VC = 40 V, VE = 0 V,
VCC = 40 V
2
100
Collector off-state current
DTC and OUTPUT CTRL = 0 V,
VC = 15 V,
VE = 0 V,
VCC = 1 to 3 V
4
200
A
Emitter off-state current
VCC = VC = 40 V,
VE = 0
100
A
Collector emitter saturation voltage
Common emitter
VE = 0,
IC = 200 mA
1.1
1.3
V
Collector-emitter saturation voltage
Emitter follower
VC = 15 V,
IE = 200 mA
1.5
2.5
V
Output control input current
VI = Vref
3.5
mA
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
pwm comparator section (see Figure 2)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Input threshold voltage, FEEDBACK
Zero duty cycle
4
4.5
V
Input sink current, FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK = 0.5 V
0.3
0.7
mA
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
undervoltage lockout section (see Figure 2)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
MAX
UNIT
Threshold voltage
TA = 25
C
6
V
Threshold voltage
TA = MIN to MAX
3.5
6.9
V
Hysteresis
100
mV
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
Hysteresis is the difference between the positive-going input threshold voltage and the negative-going input threshold voltage.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TL594C, TL594I
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Standby supply current
RT at Vref,
VCC = 15 V
9
15
mA
Standby supply current
ref,
All other inputs and outputs open
VCC = 40 V
11
18
mA
Average supply current
DTC = 2 V,
See Figure 2
12.4
mA
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25
C.
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